CATTI二笔真题中“职业教育”怎么翻译?

CATTI二笔真题中“职业教育”怎么翻译?_新闻资讯_沈阳翻译公司_沈阳圣金翻译有限公司

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职业教育

报告中"职业教育"常用vocational education。比如"中等职业教育"是secondary vocational education,"现代职业教育"是modern vocational education。我们看看报告中下面这些句子:

1、 发展现代职业教育,改善职业教育办学条件,完善产教融合办学体制,增强职业教育适应性。

To develop modern vocational education, we will upgrade vocational schools, refine the mechanism for integrating vocational education with industry, and enhance the adaptability of vocational education.(22年政府工作报告)

2、 发展职业教育。

We will develop vocational education. (20年政府工作报告)

3、 设立中等职业教育国家奖学金。支持企业和社会力量兴办职业教育。我们要以现代职业教育的大改革大发展,加快培养国家发展急需的各类技术技能人才,让更多青年凭借一技之长实现人生价值,让三百六十行人才荟萃、繁星璀璨。

A state scholarship for secondary vocational education will be established. We will support enterprises and private actors in providing vocational education. Through major reforms and the development of modern vocational education, we will move faster to train the different types of technicians and skilled workers urgently needed in Chinas development, enabling more young people to gain professional skills and realize their potential and producing a vast range of talent ready to shine bright. (19年政府工作报告)

4、 22年下半年CATTI二笔汉译英真题职业教育这篇第一句就是:

职业教育是国民教育体系和人力资源开发的重要组成部分。

原句出自《中国职业教育发展白皮书》(REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION IN CHINA),官方给出的译文是:

Vocational education is part and parcel of the national education system and human resources development.

高职院校

报告中常见的是"高职院校""高职院校扩招"这样的表述,用到的还是vocational这个词。比如"高职院校"就是vocational colleges。高职院校的学生即vocational college students。

1、 资助以训稳岗,今明两年职业技能培训3500万人次以上,高职院校扩招200万人,要使更多劳动者长技能、好就业。

We will finance skills training to stabilize employment. This year and next, more than 35 million vocational skills training opportunities will be provided, and enrollment in vocational colleges will grow by 2 million. This will help more people improve their skills and secure jobs.(20年政府工作报告)

2、 扩大高职院校奖助学金覆盖面、提高补助标准,加快学历证书和职业技能等级证书互通衔接。改革高职院校办学体制,提高办学质量。中央财政大幅增加对高职院校的投入,地方财政也要加强支持。

We will expand the coverage of scholarships and grants for vocational college students and raise the level of financial assistance, and speed up work to align vocational technical grade certificates with academic credentials. We will reform the operating mechanisms of vocational colleges and raise the quality of vocational education. The central government will greatly increase fiscal support for vocational colleges, and local governments should also strengthen their support. (19年政府工作报告)

3、 全面深化教育领域综合改革。实现高职院校扩招100万人目标。

We pushed ahead with the comprehensive reform of education, and we achieved the goal of increasing student enrollments in vocational colleges by one million. (21年政府工作报告)

4、 拓宽职业技能培训资金使用范围,开展大规模、多层次职业技能培训,完成职业技能提升和高职扩招三年行动目标。

We will expand the scope of use for vocational skills training funds, launch large-scale, multi-level vocational skills training programs, and complete the goals of the three-year initiative on providing vocational skills training and expanding enrollment in vocational colleges. (21年政府工作报告)

5、 超额完成高职扩招三年行动目标。

We surpassed the targets set in the three-year enrollment expansion initiative for vocational colleges. (22年政府工作报告)

polytechnic education究竟可以不

可见,polytechnic education这个说法其实并不是很常见,报告中也基本没有,大家常见的还是vocational education,这也是为什么有很多学生说自己本来写的是vocational education,但看到官方真题中有"2019年1月,国务院颁发了《国家职业教育改革实施方案》(the Implementation Plan for the Reform of the National Polytechnic Education)",所以又改成了polytechnic education。

那polytechnic education究竟可以不?

首先,polytechnic的含义是(在英国1992年后改为大学的)工艺专科学院,理工专科学院;(旧时美国的)理工学校(或学院、大学),英文释义为A polytechnic is the name for a school, college, or university that specializes in courses in science and technology,所以一些理工类学校尤其是工科类学校名称中使用这个,如:弗吉尼亚理工学院Virginia Polytechnic Institute(是一所以工科为主的公立研究型大学)、西北工业大学Northwestern Polytechnical University、香港理工大学The Hong Kong Polytechnic University。当然,国内很多理工大学使用technology,如北京理工大学Beijing Institute of Technology、南京理工大学Nanjing University of Science and Technology。

其次,polytechnic也可以指职业相关的,但是一般用于一些学校名称中。如北京电子科技职业学院BEIJING POLYTECHNIC,是一所北京市属公办高等职业院校。

再如报告中这句:

穆桑泽职业技术学校已成为卢旺达北方省最大的职业技术培训中心。

The Musanze Integrated Polytechnic Regional Colleague has grown into the biggest professional training center in the Northern Province.

再看看Victoria University Polytechnic的英文介绍:

Victoria University Polytechnic is VU’s vocational education provider. Upskill or reskill with VU Polytechnic’s industry-based approach to learning.

这说明职业教育学校名称里面一般是Polytechnic,但专业词汇"职业教育"一般使用vocational education。

但是官方真题中又使用了Polytechnic Education:2019年1月,国务院颁发了《国家职业教育改革实施方案》(the Implementation Plan for the Reform of the National Polytechnic Education)。

那考试中改为polytechnic education对吗?

那只能是对了。

不过建议平时还是使用vocational education,毕竟现在报告中大家看到的都是vocational education。

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